Unilever.edu.vn has been closely following the aftermath of the recent devastating floods in Vietnam. While the immediate danger of floodwaters might seem to recede, the aftermath presents a new set of challenges. One of the most alarming threats that has emerged is leptospirosis, a dangerous infectious disease. This bacterial infection, often spread through contaminated water, has led to multiple hospitalizations and raised serious concerns about public health in the affected regions.
Rising Tide of Leptospirosis Cases
The National Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Hanoi recently reported a concerning spike in leptospirosis cases. Five members of a family from Thai Nguyen province were admitted in critical condition, suffering from fever, fatigue, and other complications. The family’s ordeal began when their home was submerged in floodwaters for four days. Shortly after, the father, a 48-year-old man, developed a high fever, fatigue, difficulty breathing, abdominal distension, pain in the right flank, and decreased urination.
Despite initial treatment for a suspected infection at a local medical facility, his condition deteriorated. Upon transfer to the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases, doctors suspected leptospirosis, a diagnosis supported by the family’s exposure to floodwaters.
Leptospirosis: A Hidden Threat
Leptospirosis, often called “rat fever”, is caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. These bacteria thrive in warm and humid environments and are commonly found in the urine of infected animals, particularly rodents.
Floodwaters contaminated with animal urine become a breeding ground for Leptospira, significantly increasing the risk of transmission to humans. The bacteria enter the body through cuts, abrasions, or even intact skin after prolonged contact with contaminated water or soil.
Symptoms and Complications
Leptospirosis can manifest in a wide range of symptoms, often mimicking other illnesses, making diagnosis challenging. The initial phase may present with:
- High fever
- Chills
- Headache
- Muscle aches
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Red eyes
Without prompt treatment, leptospirosis can progress to more severe complications, including:
- Weil’s disease: A life-threatening form characterized by jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), kidney failure, liver damage, and internal bleeding.
- Meningitis: Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
- Respiratory distress: Difficulty breathing, coughing up blood.
Protecting Yourself and Your Loved Ones
In the wake of flooding, it is crucial to take preventative measures to minimize the risk of leptospirosis:
- Avoid contact with floodwaters: This is the single most important step. If contact is unavoidable, wear protective clothing, including boots and gloves.
- Wash thoroughly: If you have come into contact with floodwaters, wash your hands and any exposed skin with soap and clean water immediately.
- Protect open wounds: Keep all cuts and abrasions clean and covered with waterproof bandages.
- Rodent control: Eliminate potential rodent habitats around your home and outbuildings to reduce the risk of contamination.
- Vaccinate your pets: Consult your veterinarian about vaccinating your pets against leptospirosis, as they can also be infected and transmit the bacteria to humans.
A Call for Vigilance
The recent outbreak of leptospirosis serves as a stark reminder of the health risks that linger long after floodwaters recede. Unilever.edu.vn urges everyone in flood-affected areas to be vigilant, take preventative measures, and seek immediate medical attention if they experience any symptoms of leptospirosis.
